如果孩子被診斷為專注力不足過度活躍症（ADHD），那麼有哪些治療方法呢？
您是否曾懷疑自己的孩子可能有ADHD，卻又擔心如果評估結果確認有ADHD，接下來該怎麼辦？許多家長因為不確定而遲遲未給孩子進行評估，從而拖延了治療的時間。如果孩子確實被診斷為ADHD，有哪些有效的方法可以幫助他們呢？
ADHD的主要治療方法有五種，可以幫助減輕症狀，並降低這些症狀對學習和生活的影響。
1. 藥物治療：目前有多種藥物可用於ADHD的治療。研究指出，這些藥物能夠幫助集中力，改善行為和情緒問題，對成績和社交等方面都有正面影響。藥物治療對於症狀較嚴重的小朋友尤其重要。家長應該與精神科醫生詳細了解藥物的好處和副作用，切勿自行用藥。
2. 心理行為治療：這種治療方式旨在教導小朋友如何增強集中力，改善粗心大意的問題，減低拖延，提升時間管理和組織能力，控制衝動行為。
3. 環境安排：家長可以透過改變環境來幫助小朋友更容易集中注意力，例如簡化學習空間，移走分心的物件，並善用時鐘和計時器等工具。
4. 育兒技巧：這方面的訓練可以幫助家長理解小朋友行為問題的原因及其背後的需求。育兒技巧訓練通常會教導有效的溝通技巧、行為管理方法和情緒調節技巧，以更好地支持小朋友並增強親子關係。
5. 學習支援：例如，家長可以申請考試加時和其他特殊學習需要（SEN）支援，這些都對小朋友的學習及發展非常重要。
除了專注力和行為問題，ADHD的小朋友容易出現其他情緒問題，如焦慮和反抗性行為，這些都需要家長的理解和處理。
最後，照顧ADHD的小朋友確實不容易，爸爸媽媽們需要保持堅強。你們的壓力管理同樣重要，因為你們的心情好，與小朋友的關係也會更和諧，這樣才能更有效地幫助他們。家長支援小組不僅可以讓你們向其他同路人學習照顧技巧，還能分享照顧的感受，幫助舒緩壓力。
If a child is diagnosed with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD), what treatment options are available?
Have you ever suspected that your child might have ADHD but worried about what to do if the evaluation confirms it? Many parents delay getting their child evaluated as they don’t know what to do, which postpones treatment. If a child is indeed diagnosed with ADHD, what effective methods can help them?
There are five main treatment methods for ADHD that can help alleviate symptoms and reduce their impact on learning and life.
1. Medication: Currently, there are various medications available for the treatment of ADHD. Research indicates that these medications can help improve concentration, behavior, and emotional issues, positively affecting academic performance and social interactions. Medication is particularly important for children with more severe symptoms. Parents should consult a psychiatrist to understand the benefits and side effects of medications, and should never self-medicate.
2. Behavioral Therapy: This approach aims to teach children how to enhance their concentration, address carelessness, reduce procrastination, improve time management and organizational skills, and control impulsive behavior.
3. Environmental Arrangement: Parents can assist children in focusing better by changing their environment, such as simplifying their study space, removing distracting objects, and effectively using clocks and timers.
4. Parenting Skills: Training in this area can help parents understand the reasons behind their child's behavioral issues and the needs that drive them. Parenting skills training typically teaches effective communication techniques, behavior management methods, and emotional regulation skills to better support children and strengthen parent-child relationships.
5. Learning Support: For instance, parents can apply for exam accommodations and other special educational needs (SEN) support, which are crucial for the child’s learning and development.
In addition to attention and behavioral issues, children with ADHD often face other emotional problems, such as anxiety and oppositional behavior, which require parents' understanding and management.
Finally, caring for a child with ADHD is indeed challenging, and parents need to remain resilient. Your stress management is equally important because a positive mood enhances your relationship with your child, making it easier and more effective to help them. Parent support groups not only allow you to learn caregiving techniques from others on a similar journey but also provide a space to share caregiving experiences and alleviate stress.

🎥人生劇本理論

🔍 你知道嗎？ 我們的行為和思維往往受到原生家庭的影響！今天，我們來談談人生劇本理論，這是由人際溝通分析學的創始人**艾瑞克·伯恩（Eric Berne）**提出的概念。

📜 人生劇本理論認為，我們的生活就像一部劇本，從小時候開始，家庭環境和父母的行為會影響我們未來的選擇和決策。這些「劇本」可能會限制我們的潛力，但也可以通過意識到它們來改變我們的生活。

🌱 讓我們一起探索：
什麼是人生劇本？
如何識別自己的劇本？
如何重新編寫自己的生活劇本，實現更好的自己？

💬 留言告訴我們：你是否曾經感受到原生家庭對你生活的影響？對於這個理論，你有什麼看法？

ADHD患者可以一邊聽音樂一邊學習嗎？
我的孩子患有ADHD，他說一邊聽音樂一邊學習能讓他更專注。這是真的嗎，還是在偷懶？一邊聽音樂對他的學習有幫助還是有害？
今天我想和大家探討一下音樂對ADHD的影響。有些家長可能會聽到自己的孩子說：「我一邊聽音樂一邊學習可以更專注！」那麼這是真的嗎，還是只是在偷懶呢？對於患有ADHD的人來說，一邊聽音樂一邊學習是有益還是有害呢？
對於ADHD患者來說，聽音樂有時確實能讓他們更專注。因為音樂或適當的聲音可以掩蓋其他噪音，減少分心，從而幫助改善ADHD患者的專注力。此外，音樂還可以幫助減壓。
哪種音樂對ADHD有幫助？ 一般來說，沒有歌詞的音樂（instrumental music）或者節奏穩定的音樂會比較有幫助，例如雙耳節拍（Binaural beats），即兩邊耳朵接收不同頻率的音調的音樂，也有可能讓患有ADHD的人士更專注。 但是，有歌詞的音樂可能會分散注意力。
除了音樂，還有沒有其他聲音可以幫助ADHD患者更專注呢？

研究顯示，某些類型的噪音是有用的： 比較多的科學研究是關於白噪音（White noise）。白噪音是由不同頻率的聲音組合而成，例如電視的「沙沙」聲、收音機的雜音或者吸塵器的聲音。在神經系統中，白噪音可以與我們的神經細胞中的信號產生隨機共振，就像擴音機一樣將信號放大。也就是說，白噪音可以增強ADHD患者微弱的神經信號，從而增加多巴胺的釋放，增強專注力和腦控制的能力，幫助學習吸收。
然後是粉紅噪音（Pink noise），這種聲音是高低頻混合，聽起來就像自然界的雨聲、樹葉沙沙聲或者海浪聲，非常放鬆，還可以幫助睡眠。 而棕色噪音（Brown noise）則是低頻、深沉，聽起來有點像雷聲或者海洋聲，能夠幫助放鬆和集中注意力。
不過，記住不是每個人都覺得聽音樂或者聽噪音有效，最重要的是大家自己親身試試看有沒有用。

Can ADHD patients listen to music while studying?
My child has ADHD, and he says that listening to music while studying helps him concentrate better. Is this true, or is he just being lazy? Does listening to music help his studies or harm them?
Let’s discuss the effect of music on ADHD. Some parents might hear their children say, "I can focus better when I listen to music while studying!" So, is this true, or is it just an excuse to be lazy? For people with ADHD, is listening to music while studying beneficial or harmful?
For ADHD patients, listening to music can sometimes indeed help them concentrate better. Music or appropriate sounds can mask other noises, reduce distractions, and thus help improve the concentration of ADHD patients. Additionally, music can help reduce stress.
What kind of music is helpful for ADHD? Generally speaking, instrumental music or music with a steady rhythm is more helpful, such as binaural beats, which involve listening to different frequencies in each ear. This type of music can potentially help individuals with ADHD concentrate better. However, music with lyrics might be distracting.
Besides music, are there other sounds that can help ADHD patients focus better?
Research shows that certain types of noise can be useful: Most scientific research focuses on white noise. White noise is composed of sounds of different frequencies, such as the sound of a TV, radio static, or the sound of a vacuum cleaner. In the nervous system, white noise can create “stochastic resonance” with the signals in our nerve cells, amplifying the signals like a loudspeaker. This means that white noise can enhance the weak neural signals in ADHD patients, helping to increase dopamine\, improving concentration, and enhancing brain control, which helps with learning and absorption.
Then there is pink noise, which is a mix of high and low frequencies. It sounds like natural rain, rustling leaves, or ocean waves, which is very relaxing and can also help with sleep. Brown noise, on the other hand, is low-frequency and deep, sounding like thunder or ocean sounds, and can help with relaxation and concentration.
However, remember that not everyone finds listening to music or noise effective. The most important thing is for everyone to try it out themselves to see if it works.

Reference
Basu, S., & Banerjee, B. (2023). Potential of binaural beats intervention for improving memory and attention: insights from meta-analysis and systematic review. Psychol Res, 87(4), 951-963. doi:10.1007/s00426-022-01706-7
Martin-Moratinos, M., Bella-Fernandez, M., & Blasco-Fontecilla, H. (2023). Effects of Music on Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) and Potential Application in Serious Video Games: Systematic Review. J Med Internet Res, 25, e37742. doi:10.2196/37742
Soderlund, G., Sikstrom, S., & Smart, A. (2007). Listen to the noise: noise is beneficial for cognitive performance in ADHD. J Child Psychol Psychiatry, 48(8), 840-847. doi:10.1111/j.1469-7610.2007.01749.x
Zimmermann, M. B., Diers, K., Strunz, L., Scherbaum, N., & Mette, C. (2019). Listening to Mozart Improves Current Mood in Adult ADHD - A Randomized Controlled Pilot Study. Front Psychol, 10, 1104. doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2019.01104

情緒勒索是一種常見但容易被忽視的心理現象，它往往會給受害者帶來極大的心理負擔。

這次短片，將會和大家分享情緒勒索的六個主要步驟及應對方法。

一起學會保護自己，遠離情緒勒索！💪✨

為什麼時鐘是ADHD的好朋友？
為什麼使用時鐘對於有專注力不足過度活躍症（ADHD）的人如此重要?
原來，ADHD 患者對時間的感覺不如普通人靈敏。對於普通人來說，如果需要五分鐘出門，我們大概能感覺到時間的流逝，通常能準時出門。但對於 ADHD 患者來說，他們無法準確感知時間的流逝，因此經常遲到。他們很難依賴自己的時間感覺，因為這種感覺往往不準確。
那麼，時鐘能怎樣幫助他們呢？其實，時鐘可以幫助 ADHD 患者更好地管理時間，以下是幾個主要的好處：
1. 視覺提示與時間管理：使用時鐘可以讓你清楚地看到剩餘時間，不需要依賴自己的感覺。這樣可以確保你不會在某個活動上花費過多時間。另一個方法是設置鬧鐘或計時器，提醒自己還有多少時間，需要加快速度嗎？
2. 增加動力：有時 ADHD 患者對某些工作缺乏動力，是因為這些工作沒有足夠的壓力來讓他們集中注意力。通過使用時鐘，讓 ADHD 患者清楚地看到時間壓力，有時會讓他們更加專注和有動力去完成任務。
3. 建立規律：定時使用時鐘可以幫助建立日常規律。這對於 ADHD 患者特別重要，因為規律可以幫助他們集中注意力並控制行為和情緒。

幾個實用的建議，幫助你更好地利用時鐘：
1. 選擇合適的時鐘：購買一個簡單的實體時鐘，無論是傳統的指針時鐘還是數碼時鐘，都可以。將時鐘放在顯眼的位置，如書桌上或直接能看到的牆上。盡量不要依賴手機或平板電腦的時鐘，因為這些設備容易讓人分心。
2. 設置鬧鐘/計時器：利用鬧鐘功能，提醒自己何時開始或結束某個活動。計時器可以幫助你設定短時間的工作階段，例如 25 分鐘工作，5 分鐘休息，這叫做番茄工作法，有助於提高學習和工作效率。設置定時鬧鐘也能幫助你在分心時提醒自己回到正軌。
希望這些建議能幫助你更好地管理時間，提升生活質量。


Why is a Clock a Good Friend for ADHD?
Why is using a clock so important for people with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD)?
It turns out that people with ADHD have a less sensitive perception of time compared to others. For most people, if we need five minutes to get out the door, we can feel the passage of time and usually manage to leave on time. However, people with ADHD often cannot accurately sense how much time has passed, leading to frequent tardiness. They find it difficult to rely on their own sense of time because it is often inaccurate.
So, how can a clock help them? In fact, a clock can assist people with ADHD in managing their time better. Here are a few key benefits:
1. Visual Cues and Time Management: Using a clock allows you to clearly see how much time is left, without relying on your own sense of time. This ensures you don't spend too much time on a single activity. Another method is to set alarms or timers to remind yourself how much time is left and whether you need to speed up.
2. Increased Motivation: Sometimes, people with ADHD lack motivation for certain tasks because these tasks don't create enough pressure to keep them alert and focused. By using a clock, people with ADHD can see the time pressure, which can sometimes help them become more focused and motivated to complete tasks.
3. Establishing Routine: Regularly using a clock can help establish daily routines. This is particularly important for people with ADHD, as routines can help them focus and control their behavior and emotions.
Here are some practical tips to help you make better use of a clock:
1. Choose the Right Clock: Buy a simple physical clock, whether it's a traditional analog clock or a digital one. Place the clock in a very visible location, such as on your desk or a wall you can easily see. Try not to rely on the clock on your phone or tablet, as these devices can be distracting.
2. Set Alarms/Timers: Use the alarm function to remind yourself when to start or end a particular activity. Timers can help you set short work sessions, such as working for 25 minutes and then taking a 5-minute break, known as the Pomodoro Technique, which can help improve study and work efficiency. Setting a regular alarm can also help bring you back on track if you get distracted.
I hope these suggestions can help you manage your time better and improve your quality of life.

五個應對考試壓力的方法
考試壓力讓許多人感到無比焦慮，越想學習卻越難以集中注意力。今天，我將與大家分享5種有效的方法，幫助應對考試帶來的壓力。同學們，加油啊!

首先，讓我們了解為什麼會出現這種情況。當面臨考試時，我們往往會感到它的重要性與日俱增，尤其在距離考試的時間越來越近時，壓力感便會隨之加重。就像一隻老虎逐步逼近，心中既驚慌又無助，這種恐懼只會讓我們愈加無法集中。

考試壓力源於大腦對壓力的敏感反應，特別是杏仁核的過度刺激，這會抑制前額葉的理性思考，使得學習變得更加困難。因此，學會管理壓力至關重要。

以下是五種方法，幫助你緩解考試壓力：

1. 小步驟學習：將學習內容分成小塊，適度施加壓力，然後進行短暫休息。比如，可以先學習半小時，然後休息五分鐘。休息時可以閉目養神，望向綠色的植物，進行深呼吸，或者飲水。切記，休息時不要進行耗腦的活動，比如打電子遊戲，這樣無法有效放鬆大腦。

2. 活動一下身體：當感到腦袋卡住時，應該暫時離開書桌，活動一下身體。可以選擇外出散步，或上下樓梯，這些活動能夠幫助大腦恢復清醒，重置壓力。

3. 換個環境：如果在熟悉的學習場所感受到過大壓力，可以考慮換個地方學習，例如圖書館或咖啡店。

4. 找個朋友一起學習：邀請朋友一起溫習，互相支持，這樣會讓學習過程變得更加輕鬆，減少孤獨感。

5. 照顧身體的基本需求：許多同學在學習時忽視了身體的需求。要記得，良好的生理狀態對學習至關重要。充足的睡眠、均衡的飲食和適量的運動都能有效減輕壓力，提高專注力和記憶力。

最後，分享一個小秘密：我在學生時代也曾經面臨失敗，成績不理想。但這一切都是學習旅程的一部分，只要持續努力，必定會有所進步。記住，沒有什麼是世界末日！

5 tips to deal with exam stress?
Exam pressure makes many people feel incredibly anxious; the more you try to study, the harder it becomes to concentrate. This is a common struggle. Today, I will share 5 effective ways to help you cope with the stress that exams bring.

First, let’s understand why this happens. When facing exams, we often feel their importance increasing, especially as the exam date approaches, which heightens our sense of pressure. It’s like a tiger gradually approaching, leaving us both frightened and helpless. This fear only makes it harder to focus.

Exam pressure stems from the brain’s sensitive response to stress, particularly the over-stimulation of the amygdala, which inhibits rational thinking in the prefrontal cortex, making learning even more challenging. Therefore, learning to manage stress is crucial.

Here are five ways to help alleviate exam pressure:

1. “Bite size” Learning: Break your study material into smaller sections and apply moderate pressure, followed by short breaks. For example, study for half an hour, then take a five-minute break. During breaks, you can close your eyes, look at green plants, do deep breathing, or drink some water. Remember, avoid mentally taxing activities like gaming during breaks, as they won’t help your brain recharge.

2. Move-it-or-lose-it: If you feel mentally blocked, take a break from your desk and move around. You could go for a walk outside or climb some stairs—these activities can help wake up your brain and reset your stress levels.

3. Change Your Environment: If you feel too much pressure in your usual study space, this place may be associated with stress. Try studying in a new location, such as a library or café, to reduce those associations.

4. Study with a Buddy: Invite a friend to study with you. Having someone else there for support can make the learning process more enjoyable and reduce feelings of isolation.

5. Take Care of Basic Physical Needs: Many students neglect their physical needs while studying. Remember, maintaining good physical health is vital for effective learning. Sufficient sleep, a balanced diet, and regular exercise can significantly reduce stress and improve focus and memory.

Finally, let me share a little secret: I also failed many subjects back in the school years. But this is all part of the learning journey. As long as you keep putting in the effort, you will definitely see improvement. Remember, nothing is the end of the world!

最近一套新上映的電影《年少日記》獲得不少大眾好評。電影內容講述一對父母如何因為子女的表現不同而給予不一樣的對待。最後長子因為不堪壓力，走上不歸之路。筆者也在熱潮之下，走進戲院裏。除了帶走一腔眼淚，筆者也帶走了一些反思和使命。

適應障礙｜自從升上中一後，Brian開始每天愁眉不展。某天放學之後，Brain向母親表示不想再上學。母親起初擔心兒子是否在學校受到不愉快對待，但久經查問Brain都否定其事。為了不再讓Brain的情緒進一步惡化，母親暫時讓Brian休學，但是一休已經是一個月的事。 母親對於Brain突然拒絕上學感到非常好奇， 畢竟Brian小時候在小學是成績優異的學生，名次永遠都在三甲之內。 既然兒子沒有受到不愉快對待，成績應該也沒有太大問題，是何等原因，讓兒子拒絕上學呢？

『驚恐症Panic Disorder』是什麼？ 有什麼症狀和治療方法？ 成日都心跳好快？ 呼吸困難？以為自己有心臟問題，但睇過醫生又話無事？ 可能係驚恐發作！！

『4種原生家庭對成長的影響』父母缺席 / 外遇家庭 / 經常吵架 / 言語暴力

不同類型的原生家庭會為成年帶來何等影響？
1. 父母缺席： 被迫長大的小大人
2. 外遇家庭： 難以建立的信任關係
3. 經常吵架： 我有錯！
4. 言語暴力： 我不夠好 :(

『選擇性緘默症Selective Mutism』
小朋友明明平時講到野，但係一返到學就粒聲唔出？
到底咩野係選擇性緘默？有咩成因？
可以點樣治療？ 家長又有咩Tips?

『原生家庭是什麼？』點樣定義？
假如無血緣關係，係咪就表示自己無原生家庭呢？
今次呢條短片，會同大家了解下咩係原生家庭以及提供簡單例子。